ΛΟΥΤΕΙΝΗ ΖΕΑΞΑΝΘΙΝΗ ΤΡΟΦΕΣ
1. Bone RA, Landrum JT, Tarsis SL. Preliminary identification of the human macular pigment. Vision Res. 1985;25(11):1531-5. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(85)90123-3. PMID: 3832576.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3832576/
2. Roberts RL, Green J, Lewis B. Lutein and zeaxanthin in eye and skin health. Clin Dermatol. 2009 Mar-Apr;27(2):195-201. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2008.01.011. PMID: 19168000.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19168000/
3. Johnson EJ, Maras JE, Rasmussen HM, Tucker KL. Intake of lutein and zeaxanthin differ with age, sex, and ethnicity. J Am Diet Assoc. 2010 Sep;110(9):1357-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2010.06.009. PMID: 20800129.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20800129/
4. Krinsky NI, Landrum JT, Bone RA. Biologic mechanisms of the protective role of lutein and zeaxanthin in the eye. Annual Review of Nutrition. 2003 ;23:171-201. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.23.011702.073307. PMID: 12626691.
https://europepmc.org/article/MED/12626691
5. Bernstein PS, Khachik F, Carvalho LS, Muir GJ, Zhao DY, Katz NB. Identification and quantitation of carotenoids and their metabolites in the tissues of the human eye. Exp Eye Res. 2001 Mar;72(3):215-23. doi: 10.1006/exer.2000.0954. PMID: 11180970.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11180970/
6. Wegner A, Khoramnia R. Cataract is a self-defence reaction to protect the retina from oxidative damage. Med Hypotheses. 2011 May;76(5):741-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.02.013. Epub 2011 Feb 26. PMID: 21354712.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21354712/
7. Renzi LM, Hammond BR Jr. The relation between the macular carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, and temporal vision. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2010 Jul;30(4):351-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2010.00720.x. Epub 2010 May 12. PMID: 20492542.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20492542/
8. Johnson EJ, Vishwanathan R, Johnson MA, Hausman DB, Davey A, Scott TM, Green RC, Miller LS, Gearing M, Woodard J, Nelson PT, Chung HY, Schalch W, Wittwer J, Poon LW. Relationship between Serum and Brain Carotenoids, α-Tocopherol, and Retinol Concentrations and Cognitive Performance in the Oldest Old from the Georgia Centenarian Study. J Aging Res. 2013;2013:951786. doi: 10.1155/2013/951786. Epub 2013 Jun 9. PMID: 23840953; PMCID: PMC3690640.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23840953/
9. Ma L, Lin XM, Zou ZY, Xu XR, Li Y, Xu R. A 12-week lutein supplementation improves visual function in Chinese people with long-term computer display light exposure. Br J Nutr. 2009 Jul;102(2):186-90. doi: 10.1017/S0007114508163000. PMID: 19586568.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19586568/
10. Yao Y, Qiu QH, Wu XW, Cai ZY, Xu S, Liang XQ. Lutein supplementation improves visual performance in Chinese drivers: 1-year randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Nutrition. 2013 Jul-Aug;29(7-8):958-64. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2012.10.017. Epub 2013 Jan 27. PMID: 23360692.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23360692/
11. Bovier ER, Hammond BR. A randomized placebo-controlled study on the effects of lutein and zeaxanthin on visual processing speed in young healthy subjects. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2015 Apr 15;572:54-57. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.11.012. Epub 2014 Dec 4. PMID: 25483230.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25483230/
12. Kvansakul J, Rodriguez-Carmona M, Edgar DF, Barker FM, Köpcke W, Schalch W, Barbur JL. Supplementation with the carotenoids lutein or zeaxanthin improves human visual performance. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2006 Jul;26(4):362-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2006.00387.x. PMID: 16792735.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16792735/
13. Stringham JM, Hammond BR. Macular pigment and visual performance under glare conditions. Optom Vis Sci. 2008 Feb;85(2):82-8. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e318162266e. Erratum in: Optom Vis Sci. 2008 Apr;85(4):285. PMID: 18296924.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18296924/
14. Richer S, Stiles W, Statkute L, Pulido J, Frankowski J, Rudy D, Pei K, Tsipursky M, Nyland J. Double-masked, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of lutein and antioxidant supplementation in the intervention of atrophic age-related macular degeneration: the Veterans LAST study (Lutein Antioxidant Supplementation Trial). Optometry. 2004 Apr;75(4):216-30. doi: 10.1016/s1529-1839(04)70049-4. PMID: 15117055.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15117055/
15. Nolan JM, Loskutova E, Howard A, Mulcahy R, Moran R, Stack J, Bolger M, Coen RF, Dennison J, Akuffo KO, Owens N, Power R, Thurnham D, Beatty S. The impact of supplemental macular carotenoids in Alzheimer's disease: a randomized clinical trial. J Alzheimers Dis. 2015;44(4):1157-69. doi: 10.3233/JAD-142265. PMID: 25408222.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25408222/
16. Dagnelie G, Zorge IS, McDonald TM. Lutein improves visual function in some patients with retinal degeneration: a pilot study via the Internet. Optometry. 2000 Mar;71(3):147-64. PMID: 10970259.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10970259/
17. Seddon JM, Ajani UA, Sperduto RD, Hiller R, Blair N, Burton TC, Farber MD, Gragoudas ES, Haller J, Miller DT, et al. Dietary carotenoids, vitamins A, C, and E, and advanced age-related macular degeneration. Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group. JAMA. 1994 Nov 9;272(18):1413-20. Erratum in: JAMA 1995 Feb 22;273(8):622. PMID: 7933422.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7933422/
18. Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group; SanGiovanni JP, Chew EY, Clemons TE, Ferris FL 3rd, Gensler G, Lindblad AS, Milton RC, Seddon JM, Sperduto RD. The relationship of dietary carotenoid and vitamin A, E, and C intake with age-related macular degeneration in a case-control study: AREDS Report No. 22. Arch Ophthalmol. 2007 Sep;125(9):1225-32. doi: 10.1001/archopht.125.9.1225. PMID: 17846363.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17846363/
19. Murray IJ, Makridaki M, van der Veen RL, Carden D, Parry NR, Berendschot TT. Lutein supplementation over a one-year period in early AMD might have a mild beneficial effect on visual acuity: the CLEAR study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Mar 11;54(3):1781-8. doi: 10.1167/iovs.12-10715. PMID: 23385792.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23385792/
20. Ma L, Dou HL, Huang YM, Lu XR, Xu XR, Qian F, Zou ZY, Pang HL, Dong PC, Xiao X, Wang X, Sun TT, Lin XM. Improvement of retinal function in early age-related macular degeneration after lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation: a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Ophthalmol. 2012 Oct;154(4):625-634.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2012.04.014. Epub 2012 Jul 25. PMID: 22835510.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22835510/
21. Weigert G, Kaya S, Pemp B, Sacu S, Lasta M, Werkmeister RM, Dragostinoff N, Simader C, Garhöfer G, Schmidt-Erfurth U, Schmetterer L. Effects of lutein supplementation on macular pigment optical density and visual acuity in patients with age-related macular degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Oct 17;52(11):8174-8. doi: 10.1167/iovs.11-7522. PMID: 21873668.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21873668/
22. Olmedilla B, Granado F, Blanco I, Vaquero M. Lutein, but not alpha-tocopherol, supplementation improves visual function in patients with age-related cataracts: a 2-y double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Nutrition. 2003 Jan;19(1):21-4. doi: 10.1016/s0899-9007(02)00861-4. PMID: 12507634.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12507634/
23. Renzi LM, Dengler MJ, Puente A, Miller LS, Hammond BR Jr. Relationships between macular pigment optical density and cognitive function in unimpaired and mildly cognitively impaired older adults. Neurobiol Aging. 2014 Jul;35(7):1695-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.12.024. Epub 2013 Dec 27. PMID: 24508218.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24508218/
24. Barnett SM, Khan NA, Walk AM, Raine LB, Moulton C, Cohen NJ, Kramer AF, Hammond BR Jr, Renzi-Hammond L, Hillman CH. Macular pigment optical density is positively associated with academic performance among preadolescent children. Nutr Neurosci. 2018 Nov;21(9):632-640. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2017.1329976. Epub 2017 May 23. PMID: 28535707; PMCID: PMC6251725.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28535707/
25. Mrowicka M, Mrowicki J, Kucharska E, Majsterek I. Lutein and Zeaxanthin and Their Roles in Age-Related Macular Degeneration-Neurodegenerative Disease. Nutrients. 2022 Feb 16;14(4):827. doi: 10.3390/nu14040827. PMID: 35215476; PMCID: PMC8874683.
26. Manzi F, Flood V, Webb K, Mitchell P. The intake of carotenoids in an older Australian population: The Blue Mountains Eye Study. Public Health Nutr. 2002 Apr;5(2):347-52. doi: 10.1079/PHN2002258. PMID: 12020387.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12020387/
27. Nebeling LC, Forman MR, Graubard BI, Snyder RA. Changes in carotenoid intake in the United States: the 1987 and 1992 National Health Interview Surveys. J Am Diet Assoc. 1997 Sep;97(9):991-6. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8223(97)00239-3. PMID: 9284877.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9284877/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3832576/
2. Roberts RL, Green J, Lewis B. Lutein and zeaxanthin in eye and skin health. Clin Dermatol. 2009 Mar-Apr;27(2):195-201. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2008.01.011. PMID: 19168000.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19168000/
3. Johnson EJ, Maras JE, Rasmussen HM, Tucker KL. Intake of lutein and zeaxanthin differ with age, sex, and ethnicity. J Am Diet Assoc. 2010 Sep;110(9):1357-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2010.06.009. PMID: 20800129.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20800129/
4. Krinsky NI, Landrum JT, Bone RA. Biologic mechanisms of the protective role of lutein and zeaxanthin in the eye. Annual Review of Nutrition. 2003 ;23:171-201. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.nutr.23.011702.073307. PMID: 12626691.
https://europepmc.org/article/MED/12626691
5. Bernstein PS, Khachik F, Carvalho LS, Muir GJ, Zhao DY, Katz NB. Identification and quantitation of carotenoids and their metabolites in the tissues of the human eye. Exp Eye Res. 2001 Mar;72(3):215-23. doi: 10.1006/exer.2000.0954. PMID: 11180970.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11180970/
6. Wegner A, Khoramnia R. Cataract is a self-defence reaction to protect the retina from oxidative damage. Med Hypotheses. 2011 May;76(5):741-4. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.02.013. Epub 2011 Feb 26. PMID: 21354712.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21354712/
7. Renzi LM, Hammond BR Jr. The relation between the macular carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, and temporal vision. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2010 Jul;30(4):351-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2010.00720.x. Epub 2010 May 12. PMID: 20492542.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20492542/
8. Johnson EJ, Vishwanathan R, Johnson MA, Hausman DB, Davey A, Scott TM, Green RC, Miller LS, Gearing M, Woodard J, Nelson PT, Chung HY, Schalch W, Wittwer J, Poon LW. Relationship between Serum and Brain Carotenoids, α-Tocopherol, and Retinol Concentrations and Cognitive Performance in the Oldest Old from the Georgia Centenarian Study. J Aging Res. 2013;2013:951786. doi: 10.1155/2013/951786. Epub 2013 Jun 9. PMID: 23840953; PMCID: PMC3690640.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23840953/
9. Ma L, Lin XM, Zou ZY, Xu XR, Li Y, Xu R. A 12-week lutein supplementation improves visual function in Chinese people with long-term computer display light exposure. Br J Nutr. 2009 Jul;102(2):186-90. doi: 10.1017/S0007114508163000. PMID: 19586568.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19586568/
10. Yao Y, Qiu QH, Wu XW, Cai ZY, Xu S, Liang XQ. Lutein supplementation improves visual performance in Chinese drivers: 1-year randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Nutrition. 2013 Jul-Aug;29(7-8):958-64. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2012.10.017. Epub 2013 Jan 27. PMID: 23360692.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23360692/
11. Bovier ER, Hammond BR. A randomized placebo-controlled study on the effects of lutein and zeaxanthin on visual processing speed in young healthy subjects. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2015 Apr 15;572:54-57. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.11.012. Epub 2014 Dec 4. PMID: 25483230.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25483230/
12. Kvansakul J, Rodriguez-Carmona M, Edgar DF, Barker FM, Köpcke W, Schalch W, Barbur JL. Supplementation with the carotenoids lutein or zeaxanthin improves human visual performance. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2006 Jul;26(4):362-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2006.00387.x. PMID: 16792735.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16792735/
13. Stringham JM, Hammond BR. Macular pigment and visual performance under glare conditions. Optom Vis Sci. 2008 Feb;85(2):82-8. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e318162266e. Erratum in: Optom Vis Sci. 2008 Apr;85(4):285. PMID: 18296924.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18296924/
14. Richer S, Stiles W, Statkute L, Pulido J, Frankowski J, Rudy D, Pei K, Tsipursky M, Nyland J. Double-masked, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of lutein and antioxidant supplementation in the intervention of atrophic age-related macular degeneration: the Veterans LAST study (Lutein Antioxidant Supplementation Trial). Optometry. 2004 Apr;75(4):216-30. doi: 10.1016/s1529-1839(04)70049-4. PMID: 15117055.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15117055/
15. Nolan JM, Loskutova E, Howard A, Mulcahy R, Moran R, Stack J, Bolger M, Coen RF, Dennison J, Akuffo KO, Owens N, Power R, Thurnham D, Beatty S. The impact of supplemental macular carotenoids in Alzheimer's disease: a randomized clinical trial. J Alzheimers Dis. 2015;44(4):1157-69. doi: 10.3233/JAD-142265. PMID: 25408222.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25408222/
16. Dagnelie G, Zorge IS, McDonald TM. Lutein improves visual function in some patients with retinal degeneration: a pilot study via the Internet. Optometry. 2000 Mar;71(3):147-64. PMID: 10970259.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10970259/
17. Seddon JM, Ajani UA, Sperduto RD, Hiller R, Blair N, Burton TC, Farber MD, Gragoudas ES, Haller J, Miller DT, et al. Dietary carotenoids, vitamins A, C, and E, and advanced age-related macular degeneration. Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group. JAMA. 1994 Nov 9;272(18):1413-20. Erratum in: JAMA 1995 Feb 22;273(8):622. PMID: 7933422.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7933422/
18. Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group; SanGiovanni JP, Chew EY, Clemons TE, Ferris FL 3rd, Gensler G, Lindblad AS, Milton RC, Seddon JM, Sperduto RD. The relationship of dietary carotenoid and vitamin A, E, and C intake with age-related macular degeneration in a case-control study: AREDS Report No. 22. Arch Ophthalmol. 2007 Sep;125(9):1225-32. doi: 10.1001/archopht.125.9.1225. PMID: 17846363.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17846363/
19. Murray IJ, Makridaki M, van der Veen RL, Carden D, Parry NR, Berendschot TT. Lutein supplementation over a one-year period in early AMD might have a mild beneficial effect on visual acuity: the CLEAR study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Mar 11;54(3):1781-8. doi: 10.1167/iovs.12-10715. PMID: 23385792.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23385792/
20. Ma L, Dou HL, Huang YM, Lu XR, Xu XR, Qian F, Zou ZY, Pang HL, Dong PC, Xiao X, Wang X, Sun TT, Lin XM. Improvement of retinal function in early age-related macular degeneration after lutein and zeaxanthin supplementation: a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Ophthalmol. 2012 Oct;154(4):625-634.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2012.04.014. Epub 2012 Jul 25. PMID: 22835510.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22835510/
21. Weigert G, Kaya S, Pemp B, Sacu S, Lasta M, Werkmeister RM, Dragostinoff N, Simader C, Garhöfer G, Schmidt-Erfurth U, Schmetterer L. Effects of lutein supplementation on macular pigment optical density and visual acuity in patients with age-related macular degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 Oct 17;52(11):8174-8. doi: 10.1167/iovs.11-7522. PMID: 21873668.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21873668/
22. Olmedilla B, Granado F, Blanco I, Vaquero M. Lutein, but not alpha-tocopherol, supplementation improves visual function in patients with age-related cataracts: a 2-y double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. Nutrition. 2003 Jan;19(1):21-4. doi: 10.1016/s0899-9007(02)00861-4. PMID: 12507634.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12507634/
23. Renzi LM, Dengler MJ, Puente A, Miller LS, Hammond BR Jr. Relationships between macular pigment optical density and cognitive function in unimpaired and mildly cognitively impaired older adults. Neurobiol Aging. 2014 Jul;35(7):1695-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.12.024. Epub 2013 Dec 27. PMID: 24508218.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24508218/
24. Barnett SM, Khan NA, Walk AM, Raine LB, Moulton C, Cohen NJ, Kramer AF, Hammond BR Jr, Renzi-Hammond L, Hillman CH. Macular pigment optical density is positively associated with academic performance among preadolescent children. Nutr Neurosci. 2018 Nov;21(9):632-640. doi: 10.1080/1028415X.2017.1329976. Epub 2017 May 23. PMID: 28535707; PMCID: PMC6251725.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28535707/
25. Mrowicka M, Mrowicki J, Kucharska E, Majsterek I. Lutein and Zeaxanthin and Their Roles in Age-Related Macular Degeneration-Neurodegenerative Disease. Nutrients. 2022 Feb 16;14(4):827. doi: 10.3390/nu14040827. PMID: 35215476; PMCID: PMC8874683.
26. Manzi F, Flood V, Webb K, Mitchell P. The intake of carotenoids in an older Australian population: The Blue Mountains Eye Study. Public Health Nutr. 2002 Apr;5(2):347-52. doi: 10.1079/PHN2002258. PMID: 12020387.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12020387/
27. Nebeling LC, Forman MR, Graubard BI, Snyder RA. Changes in carotenoid intake in the United States: the 1987 and 1992 National Health Interview Surveys. J Am Diet Assoc. 1997 Sep;97(9):991-6. doi: 10.1016/S0002-8223(97)00239-3. PMID: 9284877.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9284877/
